Visual motor integration and overall development of preterm and at term children at the beginning of schooling

Authors

  • Raquel Cristina Pinheiro Federal University of Sao Carlos
  • Claudia Maria Simões Martinez Federal University of Sao Carlos
  • Anne Marie Germaine Victorine Fontaine University of Porto

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.81037

Keywords:

preterm, visual motor integration, school health, occupational therapy

Abstract

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the influence of prematurity and low birth weight on development indicators, such as visual motor coordination, visual perceptive and fine motor skills of children in early schooling, as well as their relations with rates of global developmental delay. Method: It is a comparative study of case-control type. The research included 18 children with a history of preterm birth (Study Group), matched with 18 children without the same history (Comparison Group). These children were evaluated by the Denver Developmental Screening Test II and the test of Visual Motor Integration - VMI. Results: Statistical tests revealed significant differences between the Study Group and the Comparison Group regarding the visual motor (p = 0,000) and fine motor (p = 0,007) variables, while significant difference in performance between the Low Birth Weight and Appropriate Birth Weight groups was observed in the visual motor (p = 0,000), visual perceptive (p = 0,016) and fine motor (p = 0,036) variables, demonstrating that weight is more influential than prematurity in visual perception performance. Significant differences were observed in all parts of the VMI instrument (p = 0.001, p = 0.000, p = 0.000) when compared to the Denver Suspect and Denver Normal groups; it is possible to observed that poor performance on screening tests for development can be a predictive factor for poor performance on tests of visual motor integration. Conclusions: Preterm children showed worse performance in the assessment instruments confirming that preterm birth represents a risk to development. Skills of greater complexity required during schooling for reading and writing can be influenced by the visual motor, visual perceptive and fine motor difficulties.

Author Biographies

  • Raquel Cristina Pinheiro, Federal University of Sao Carlos
    Graduate Program in Occupational Therapy – Department of Occupational Therapy of the Federal University of Sao Carlos – UFSCar.
  • Claudia Maria Simões Martinez, Federal University of Sao Carlos

    Graduate Program in Occupational Therapy – Department of Occupational Therapy of the Federal University of Sao Carlos – UFSCar.

     

  • Anne Marie Germaine Victorine Fontaine, University of Porto
    College of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135. Porto - Portugal.

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Published

2014-06-01

Issue

Vol. 24 No. 2 (2014)

Section

Artigos Originais

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