The “Workshops of Optics and Scientific Instruments” by José Hermida Pazos and the Valongo Observatory's Equatorial Telescope

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2447-2158.i15p52-83

Keywords:

Observatory of the Polytechnic School, Valongo Observatory, Equatorial Telescope, José Hermida Pazos, José Maria dos Reis

Abstract

The Valongo Observatory has a small refractor measuring 11.5 cm of opening, made in 1880 and whose construction is attributed to the workshops of José Hermida Pazos, established in Rio de Janeiro. The article presents the results of the research carried out to answer questions about the “Pazos” telescope: who bought it, when and why; and if the workshops of “José Hermida Pazos” were responsible for the construction of the first and only equatorial mount telescope with tracking mechanism made in Brazil, as it is currently announced.

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Author Biography

  • José Adolfo Snajdauf de Campos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Observatório do Valongo

    Graduated in Astronomy (astronomer), from the Department of Astronomy, Institute of Geosciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (1971); Master’s in informatics applied to Education, Electronic Computing Nucleus, Institute of Mathematics, UFRJ (2004) and PhD in History of Sciences and Techniques and Epistemology of Science, HCTE, UFRJ (2012). He joined the Department of Astronomy at IGEO/UFRJ in 1972 and retired in 2018. He is currently a collaborating researcher at the Valongo Observatory/UFRJ. Initially, he worked in ​​Photoelectric Photometry of Variable Stars and Asteroids, where he published some works. After 2002, he began to work in ​​Astronomy Education using innovative methods to encourage basic education students to study science. It was part of several extension programs developed by OV to interact with the community and public schools. After 2008 he turned to the field of History of Astronomy in Brazil, with a special focus on the history of the OV. His most significant academic production can be seen at Researchgate.net.

References

ARAUJO, Jorge Fernando Silva de. A história das máquinas e das técnicas para a fabrica-ção de lentes no Brasil. Tese (Doutorado em História das Ciências) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em História das Ciências, das Técnicas e Epistemologia (HCTE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 2012. Disponível em: http://www.hcte.ufrj.br/docs/teses/2012/jorge_fernando_silva_de_araujo.pdf. Acesso em 21 abr. 2022.

CAMPOS, J.A.S. de. Engenheiros e Astrônomos: O Ensino de Astronomia aplicada e a prá-tica de Astronomia observacional na Escola Politécnica / Escola Nacional de Engenharia do Rio de Janeiro (1874 – 1965). Tese (Doutorado em História das Ciências) – História da Ci-ência, das Técnicas e Epistemologia (HCTE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 2012. Disponível em: http://objdig.ufrj.br/10/teses/790826.pdf.

CAMPOS, J.A.S. de. A Propaganda é a Alma do Negócio: As “Officinas de Optica e de Ins-trumentos Scientificos” no Almanaque Laemmert. In: SCIENTIARUM HISTORIA II, 2009, Rio de Janeiro. Livro de Anais do Scientiarum História II, Encontro Luso-Brasileiro de His-tória da Ciência, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, pg. 417-422, 2009. Disponível em: http://www.hcte.ufrj.br/downloads/sh/sh2/Scientiarum.html.

CRULS, Luiz. Observations des Passages de Vénus en 1882. Annales de l'Observatoire Impe-rial de Rio de Janeiro, tomo 3, pg. 73, 1887. Disponível em: http://docvirt.com/docreader.net/DocReader.aspx?bib=obnacional&pagfis=5. Acesso em: 25 jul. 2009.

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Published

2023-08-14

Issue

No. 15 (2023)

Section

Artigos

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Copyright (c) 2023 José Adolfo Snajdauf de Campos

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How to Cite

Campos, J. A. S. de. (2023). The “Workshops of Optics and Scientific Instruments” by José Hermida Pazos and the Valongo Observatory’s Equatorial Telescope. Khronos, 15, 52-83. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2447-2158.i15p52-83