Effects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on the lungs and the immune system: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v103i1e-220932Keywords:
Inflammation, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Lung, Immune System, TuberculosisAbstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), a strictly aerobic, non-encapsulated, and non-sporulating bacillus. Objective: To gather effects of Mtb infection of lungs and the immune system. Method: An integrative review was conducted between May and June 2023, using PubMed database with the following search strategies: "Tuberculosis, Pulmonary" AND Necrosis; "Mycobacterium tuberculosis" AND "lung injury"; "Mycobacterium tuberculosis" AND "immune system" AND Inflammation. Original articles published between 2018 and 2023 that met the review's objective were selected. Results: A total of 134 articles were obtained from the search, 126 were excluded after reading the title, abstract, and full text, remaining 8 articles selected to compose this review. The studies indicated that Mtb infection stimulates the production of cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10, inducing variations in their serum levels depending on the stage of the disease and the spread of infection. Additionally, there were changes in the rates of B lymphocyte growth factors and the production of anti-TB antibodies, leading to the formation of granulomas and macroscopic lung lesions. Conclusion: The effects of Mtb infection on the lung and the immune system are inferred to be instigated by the action of various cytokines, which will modulate the inflammatory and immune response against the bacterium.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Lucca Tamara Alves Carretta, Pedro Rodrigues Teixeira, Luiza Pardinho Couto, Mariana Schroth Baptista, Thais Rabelo Mestria, Rodrigo Moraes, Priscila Pinto e Silva dos Santos, Luciene Lage da Motta
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