Conflitos Socioambientais. Mosaico de Unidades de Conservação da Jureia Itatins. Sustentabilidade. Mata Atlântica. Estação Ecológica Jureia-Itatins. Recursos Naturais. Proteção Ambiental.

Abstract

At the heart of an important environmental issue related to agricultural
production lies the contradiction arising, on the one hand, from the need to conserve relevant biophysical heritage with restrictions to agricultural and agroforestry practices and, one the other, the survival of natural-resource dependent communities. This article analyzed the social and political path taken by population cores comprised by traditional and non-traditional farmers living in a conservation area who, despite their efforts to regularize their permanence in the localities, have not yet found a solution to their destiny. To that end, we drew on information and analyses from previous works on this issue, (PANZUTTI, 2001; PANZUTTI 2002), mainly focused on the impacts caused by the creation of the Juréia Itatins Ecological Station (EEJI), in 1986, on the life style of the Itinguçu group, which resides in this conservation area. To analyze the impact of Law 12,406 of 2006, which created the Juréia-Itatins conservation units network and was enforced until 2009, we created twenty semi-structured scripts that  here administered to residents, local leaders, government agencies and NGOs, as well as local political (Peruibe) and state agents in 2007. Now, in 2013, a new state law has recreated the Juréia-Itatins conservation units network. Our monitoring of the debate on this the new law, by personal attendance to public hearings at Peruíbe’s city hall and São Paulo’s legislative assembly threw a new light on our field data. We also followed the events regarding the revocation and recreation of the network through contacts, the media and networks. Our conclusion about the events that ensued the network’s creation, the repeal to Law 12 406, which established it and, more recently, the approval of state law no.14.982 of 3 August 2013 enacted by the executive bodies, recreating the Jureia-Itatins units network indicate that whether or not these residents will remain in their places of origin is still under debate. Thus, we can say that the solutions to the conflicts of interests between residents, state organizations and society are still unfolding and, therefore, this population presently remains under threat of eviction from their lands.