GAMETOGENESIS: FUNDAMENTAL STAGE THE DEVELOPMENT FOR HUMAN REPRODUCTION

Abstract

The reproduction is the essential mechanism for perpetuation and diversity of the species, as well as for the continuity of the life. The gametes are the vehicles of transfer of the genes for the next generations. The gametogenesis can be characterized by three stages denominated different multiplication (mitosis), growth and maturation (meiosis), which differ in several aspects in the spermatogenesis and in the oogenesis. The oogenesis differs of the spermatogenesis in several aspects as in the occurrence of the process along the individual’s life such as in the number of formed gametes, in the multiplication stages, growth and maturation, as well as in the differentiations and cytoplasmtic and nuclear maturations of the masculine and feminine gametes. The process of the oogenesis in relation to the oocyte maturation still deserve many studies, because the biochemical and genetic aspects of this process need to be better explained. Through the masculine and feminine gametogenesis the nature provided the fertility and the capacity of generating children to you marry of different species that sexually reproduce including the human species. When flaws exist in this mechanism for different reasons as oligospermy, teratozoospermy, astenoospermy, azoospermy or ovulation disturbs, endometriosis, tubal factors, or unexplained infertility couples can fall back upon the technologies of Assisted Reproduction as in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injections, artificial insemination, in vitro maturation of oocytes to reach the fullness of the reproduction.